BAGHDAD — Polls opened across Iraq on Saturday in the first national election since the declaration of victory over the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). After hours of low voter turnout, Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi partially lifted a security curfew to encourage more people to come to the polls.
After weeks of official campaigning, no clear front-runner has emerged as al-Abadi faces stiff competition from political parties with closer ties to Iran.
The announcement from al-Abadi’s office that a ban on civilian cars and buses in all provinces was partially lifted came after hours of relatively low turnout in Baghdad. The curfew had been in place since midnight the night before and many voters complained of having to walk more than 4 kilometers — 2.5 miles — to reach polling stations.
Iraq’s most senior Shiite cleric spoke out on the issue of voter participation Saturday afternoon, encouraging Iraqis to vote “to prevent the arrival of a corrupt parliament.”
“The lack of participation will give the opportunity for others to reach parliament and they will be very far from the aspirations of the people,” said Sheikh Abdul-Mahdi al-Karbalai, the representative of Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, on local Iraqi television from Karbala. Sistani has repeatedly encouraged Iraqis to vote in Saturday’s elections and vote into power a new political class to combat corruption.
In central Baghdad, voters supporting al-Abadi said they are doing so because they give him credit for Iraq’s military victory over ISIS.
Al-Abadi “took revenge” for civilians killed in insurgent attacks in Iraq “with the victory over Daesh,” said 71-year-old Felihah Hassan, using the Arabic acronym for ISIS.
After ISIS overran nearly a third of Iraq in the summer of 2014, the group launched waves of suicide bombings targeting civilians in Baghdad and other pockets of government-controlled territory.
With support from the U.S.-led coalition and Iran, al-Abadi oversaw a grueling war against the extremists and declared victory over the group in December.
Since then, Baghdad has experienced a relative lull in insurgent-style attacks, but in the lead up to Saturday’s vote Iraqi security forces have imposed tight security measures.
Despite al-Abadi’s military achievements, Iraq continues to struggle with an economic downturn sparked in part by a drop in global oil prices, entrenched corruption and years of political gridlock. Many in Iraq are disillusioned by a weak economy, as well as widespread government corruption, BBC News reports.
The vote also comes days after President Donald Trump announced the U.S. is withdrawing from the Iran nuclear agreement, and some Iraqis fear their country could become a victim in any struggle between Iran and the U.S.
The prime minister’s most powerful opponents are his predecessor, Nouri al-Maliki, and an alliance of candidates with close ties to the country’s powerful, mostly Shiite paramilitary forces.
The alliance, called “Fatah” — Arabic for “Conquest” — is headed by Hadi al-Amiri, a former minister of transport who became a senior commander of paramilitary fighters in the fight against ISIS. Many of the candidates on his list were also paramilitary commanders before they cut their official ties with the force in order to seek office.
Jassim Mohsen, 58, who fought against ISIS with the paramilitary forces, said he’s casting his vote for the alliance because of their personal sacrifices.
“I elected the Fatah list because they are the only ones who fought Daesh and gave blood,” he said.
Another key player in the vote is Influential cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. He commanded fighters in the war against ISIS and headed a powerful militia that fought U.S. forces in Iraq before that, but his election campaign has focused on social issues and eliminating government corruption.
Some Sunnis voting Saturday said they are hopeful this election will help Iraq move beyond sectarian politics and become more inclusive.
Marginalization of Iraq’s Sunnis under al-Maliki is seen as a factor that allowed ISIS to rise in power in Iraq. Al-Abadi has led a more cross-sectarian government marked by his ability to balance the interests of his two allies often at odds: the U.S. and Iran.
The war left more than 2 million Iraqis, mostly Sunnis, displaced from their homes, with cities, towns and villages suffering heavy destruction. Repairing infrastructure across Anbar and Nineveh provinces, both majority Sunni areas, will cost tens of billions of dollars.
Abdulrazaq Kubi and his wife Suheila Mahdi, both Sunnis from Baghdad, said they would not be voting for al-Abadi, casting their votes instead for a Sunni-led political alliance.
“The victory is not 100 percent, there is still Daesh here,” said Mahdi. The government “is neglecting the refugees because they are Sunni. They left them in the camps, in the winter it floods, in the summers, they go hungry,” she added.
In total there are 329 parliament seats at stake, with nearly 7,000 candidates from dozens of political alliances.
The vote will be conducted electronically for the first time in an effort to reduce fraud and polling centers have been set up for many of the country’s 2 million people who remain displaced by the war against ISIS.
The results of Saturday’s election are expected within 48 hours of the vote, according to the independent body overseeing the election.
Government formation negotiations are expected to drag on for months after that as the dozens of political parties attempt to cobble together a political bloc large enough to hold a majority of seats in parliament.
